AI-generated fake content is a critical problem in post-2024 elections. The legal framework is developing.
Typical Manipulations
- Fake speech of the politician (deepfake video)
- Fake rally footage
- Bot army (fake accounts)
- Targeted advertising (microtargeting)
- Spreading false information
Turkish Law
- TCK Article 300: Insulting the President (1-4 years). Crime
- Added in 2022
- 1-3 years imprisonment
- Intent "to mislead the public"
- Controversial (freedom of the press)
YSK Powers
- Broadcast control during the election process
- Takedown of prohibited publications
- Equal opportunity among candidates
Social Media Liability of Platforms
- 5651 art.5: liability of intermediary providers
- Removal of content after notification
- Obligation to appoint a representative in Turkey (2020)
EU Approach
- Digital Services Act (DSA): liability of platforms
- AI Act: transparency for deepfakes (must be tagged)
Practical Recommendations
- Look for "verified source" in image/audio content
- Report suspicious content
- Immediate complaint + access blocking if you are a victim
- Detection of deepfake evidence with a lawyer
Information law and election law lawyer is recommended.