Deepfake is a technology in which a person's face/voice is placed into another image/voice using artificial intelligence. There is no direct deepfake regulation in Turkish law, but various legislation can be applied.
Applicable Legislation
- TCK Article 134 - Privacy of private life: 1-3 years in prison
- TCK Article 135-136 - Processing of personal data: 1-4 years in prison
- TCK Article 125 - Insult (with deepfake defamation)
- TCK art.103, 226 — Obscenity / Sexual Abuse of a Child (deepfake porn)
- FSEK art.86 — Violation of rights in pictures and photographs
- KVKK art.4-7 — Personal data (face/voice biometric)
Made by the Victim Requirements
- URL and screenshot of deepfake content
- Notary determination
- Removal of content to the criminal judgeship of peace with article 5651/m.9
- Criminal complaint to the public prosecutor's office
- Suit for compensation
Platform Complaints
Meta, Google, TikTok remove deepfake content within the framework of their own policies. The obligation to label it as produced by AI is increasing.
Constitutional Court Approach
The Constitutional Court accepts that a person's "face and voice" is within the scope of Constitution Article 20 of private life and that unauthorized use constitutes a direct violation.
Internet and KVKK lawyer support is recommended.