TTK Article 1527 regulates electronic participation in general assemblies of joint stock companies. Its importance has increased after COVID.
Electronic General Assembly System (e-GMS)
Via the platform provided by MKK (Central Registry Agency):
- Identity verification of shareholders
- Live participation in the meeting
- Voting
- Asking questions
- Keeping legal minutes
Who is Mandatory Uses?
- Public joint stock companies
- Companies with electronic participation provision in their articles of association
Hybrid Meetings
Both physical participation and electronic participation are possible together.
Advantages
- No geographical barriers
- Speed and cost savings
- Automatic minutes
Supreme Court 11. HD
11. HD accepts that votes made via e-GKS are "same as valid as physical voting" and that deficiencies resulting from system errors may be grounds for cancellation.
Commercial law lawyer is recommended.